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The Government of Canada, which is formally referred to as His Majesty's Government, [6] [7] is defined by the Canadian constitution as the sovereign acting on the advice of the Privy Council; [8] [9] what is known as the Governor-in-Council, [10] referring to the governor general of Canada as the King's stand-in.
Once the provincial Court of Appeal has given its decision on the reference question, the government or other parties to the reference have the right under the Supreme Court Act to appeal the decision to the Supreme Court of Canada. Prior to 1949, appeals lay directly from the provincial courts of appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy ...
The Tax Court of Canada (TCC; French: Cour canadienne de l'impôt), established in 1983 by the Tax Court of Canada Act, is a federal superior court which deals with matters involving companies or individuals and tax issues with the Government of Canada.
The Canadian SR&ED tax incentive is the government's largest single support program for R&D. Canada has one of the more generous R&D programs among OECD countries. [2] [3] "Each year the SR&ED program provides over $4 billion in investment tax credits (ITCs) to over 18,000 claimants. Of these, about 75% are small businesses."
The first is the term "provincial court", which has two quite different meanings, depending on context. The first, and most general meaning, is that a provincial court is a court established by the legislature of a province, under its constitutional authority over the administration of justice in the province, set out in s. 92(14) of the Constitution Act, 1867. [2]
In 1971, the Federal Court of Canada was established, consisting of two divisions (the "Federal Court – Trial Division" and the "Federal Court – Appeal Division"), inheriting much of the jurisdiction of the Exchequer Court. [22] The Federal Court of Canada gained the jurisdiction to hear judicial reviews from federal agencies and tribunals ...
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[5]: 47 In so doing, the Supreme Court of Canada sought to give greater effect and meaning to the express statutory right of appeal, which is understood to be the key factor representing legislative intention on the standard of review to be applied in judicial review of an administrative decision.