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Maximilian I (Spanish: Fernando Maximiliano José María de Habsburgo-Lorena; German: Ferdinand Maximilian Josef Maria von Habsburg-Lothringen; 6 July 1832 – 19 June 1867) was an Austrian archduke who became emperor of the Second Mexican Empire from 10 April 1864 until his execution by the Mexican Republic on 19 June 1867.
Today, the Second Mexican Empire is advocated by small far-right groups like the Nationalist Front of Mexico, whose followers believe the Empire to have been a legitimate attempt to deliver Mexico from the hegemony of the United States. They are reported to gather every year at Querétaro, the place where Maximilian and his generals were executed.
[citation needed] It was his friendship with Eugénie de Montijo, the Spanish-born wife of Napoleon III, that allowed him to lobby for French support of establishing a Mexican monarchy, [2] an effort which ultimately culminated in the Second French intervention in Mexico, and the establishment Second Mexican Empire.
Josefa de Iturbide y Huarte (December 22, 1814 — December 5, 1891) was the daughter of Agustín de Iturbide and Ana María Huarte who received the title of Mexican Princess during the First Mexican Empire by the Constituent Congress and Princess of Iturbide during the Second Mexican Empire by Maximilian of Habsburg.
Mejía (right) in a set of cameo portraits portraying the monarchs and the leading generals of the Second Mexican Empire. In July 1861, President Juárez suspended foreign debt payments in response to a financial crisis, and on 31 October the convention of London, saw Spain, the United Kingdom, and France, agreeing to militarily intervene in ...
The Sovereign Mexican Constituent Congress decreed on 22 June 1822 [8] the following: Art 1 °. The Mexican Monarchy, in addition to being moderate and Constitutional, is also hereditary. Art 2 °. Consequently, the Nation calls the succession of the Crown for the death of the current Emperor, his firstborn son Don Agustín Jerónimo de Iturbide.
During the Second French Intervention in Mexico he supported the Second Mexican Empire, but switched sides as the Empire began to falter in 1866. After the triumph of the Republic in 1867 he ran afoul of the Mexican government who had him executed as a bandit in 1873. Manuel Lozada is still considered a controversial figure in Latin American ...
The Second Mexican Empire was established when the U.S. was engaged in its civil war (1861–65), and with its end could give material support to Juárez's republican forces. With Napoleon III's withdrawal of French forces in 1866-67, the Empire collapsed in 1867.