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  2. Molecular geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_geometry

    The bond angles in the table below are ideal angles from the simple VSEPR theory (pronounced "Vesper Theory") [citation needed], followed by the actual angle for the example given in the following column where this differs. For many cases, such as trigonal pyramidal and bent, the actual angle for the example differs from the ideal angle, and ...

  3. Bite angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bite_angle

    In coordination chemistry, the bite angle is the angle on a central atom between two bonds to a bidentate ligand. This ligand –metal–ligand geometric parameter is used to classify chelating ligands, including those in organometallic complexes.

  4. Ligand cone angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligand_cone_angle

    In coordination chemistry, the ligand cone angle (θ) is a measure of the steric bulk of a ligand in a transition metal coordination complex. It is defined as the solid angle formed with the metal at the vertex of a cone and the outermost edge of the van der Waals spheres of the ligand atoms at the perimeter of the base of the cone.

  5. Walsh diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walsh_diagram

    Walsh Diagram of an HAH molecule. Walsh diagrams, often called angular coordinate diagrams or correlation diagrams, are representations of calculated orbital binding energies of a molecule versus a distortion coordinate (bond angles), used for making quick predictions about the geometries of small molecules.

  6. LCP theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LCP_theory

    In chemistry, ligand close packing theory (LCP theory), sometimes called the ligand close packing model describes how ligand – ligand repulsions affect the geometry around a central atom. [1] It has been developed by R. J. Gillespie and others from 1997 onwards [ 2 ] and is said to sit alongside VSEPR [ 1 ] which was originally developed by R ...

  7. Molecular mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_mechanics

    A force field is used to minimize the bond stretching energy of this ethane molecule.. Molecular mechanics uses classical mechanics to model molecular systems. The Born–Oppenheimer approximation is assumed valid and the potential energy of all systems is calculated as a function of the nuclear coordinates using force fields.

  8. Bent's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent's_rule

    Shape of water molecule showing that the real bond angle 104.5° deviates from the ideal sp 3 angle of 109.5°. In chemistry, Bent's rule describes and explains the relationship between the orbital hybridization and the electronegativities of substituents. [1] [2] The rule was stated by Henry A. Bent as follows: [2]

  9. Tetrahedral molecular geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedral_molecular_geometry

    In a tetrahedral molecular geometry, a central atom is located at the center with four substituents that are located at the corners of a tetrahedron. The bond angles are arccos (− ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠ ) = 109.4712206...° ≈ 109.5° when all four substituents are the same, as in methane ( CH 4 ) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] as well as its heavier analogues .

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