Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Esophageal varices seven days after banding, showing ulceration at the site of banding The upper two thirds of the esophagus are drained via the esophageal veins , which carry deoxygenated blood from the esophagus to the azygos vein , which in turn drains directly into the superior vena cava .
Signs and symptoms of portal hypertension include: Abdominal swelling and tightness due to ascites, which is free fluid in the peritoneal cavity [1] Vomiting blood (hematemesis) from gastric or esophageal varices; Anorectal varices [8] Increased spleen size (splenomegaly), [1] which may lead to lower platelet counts (thrombocytopenia)
Depending on the amount of the blood loss, symptoms may include shock. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be caused by peptic ulcers, gastric erosions, esophageal varices, and rarer causes such as gastric cancer. The initial assessment includes measurement of the blood pressure and heart rate, as well as blood tests to determine the hemoglobin.
Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may experience bleeding from the stomach, which may uncommonly manifest itself in vomiting blood or melena; however, portal hypertension may cause several other more common sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, such as esophageal varices and gastric varices. On endoscopic evaluation of the ...
Esophageal inflammation and erosive disease are the next most common causes. [3] In those with liver cirrhosis, 50–60% of bleeding is due to esophageal varices. [3] Approximately half of those with peptic ulcers have an H. pylori infection. [3] Other causes include Mallory-Weiss tears, cancer, and angiodysplasia. [2]
Some people also experience a sensation known as globus esophagus, where it feels as if a ball is lodged in the lower part of the esophagus. The following are additional diseases and conditions that affect the esophagus: Achalasia [1] Acute esophageal necrosis; Barrett's esophagus; Boerhaave syndrome; Caustic injury to the esophagus; Chagas disease
Esophagitis, esophageal varices, gastritis, cirrhosis or gastric ulcers for example, may bleed and produce coffee-ground vomitus. When unaccompanied by melena, hematemesis or a fall in hemoglobin with corresponding urea rises and creates an unstable reaction, and other causes of coffee ground vomitus need to be elucidated; for example, gastric stasis, bowel obstruction or ileus, that can cause ...
The esophageal veins drain blood from the esophagus to the azygos vein, in the thorax, and to the inferior thyroid vein in the neck. It also drains, although with less significance, to the hemiazygos vein , posterior intercostal vein and bronchial veins .