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This list covers optical lens designs grouped by tasks or overall type. The field of optical lens designing has many variables including the function the lens or group of lenses have to perform, the limits of optical glass because of the index of refraction and dispersion properties, and design constraints including realistic lens element center and edge thicknesses, minimum and maximum air ...
It was first proposed in 1817 by the mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss for a refracting telescope design, but was seldom implemented and is better known as the basis for the Double-Gauss lens first proposed in 1888 by Alvan Graham Clark, which is a four-element, four-group compound lens that uses a symmetric pair of Gauss lenses.
Telescopes can be classified by optical design or mechanical design/construction. Telescopes can also be classified by where they are placed, such as space telescopes. One major determining factor is type of light, or particle being observed including devices referred to as "telescopes" that do not form an image or use optics.
The magnification of such a telescope is given by M = f 2 f 1 , {\displaystyle M={\frac {f_{2}}{f_{1}}},} Afocal systems are used in laser optics, for instance as beam expanders , Infrared and forward looking infrared systems, camera zoom lenses and telescopic lens attachments such as teleside converters , [ 3 ] and photography setups combining ...
The refracting telescope which uses lenses to form an image. [27] The reflecting telescope which uses an arrangement of mirrors to form an image. [28] The catadioptric telescope which uses mirrors combined with lenses to form an image. A Fresnel imager is a proposed ultra-lightweight design for a space telescope that uses a Fresnel lens to ...
The Large Binocular Telescope at the Mount Graham International Observatory in Arizona uses two curved mirrors to gather light. An optical telescope is a telescope that gathers and focuses light mainly from the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, to create a magnified image for direct visual inspection, to make a photograph, or to collect data through electronic image sensors.
The Houghton telescope or Lurie–Houghton telescope is a design that uses a wide compound positive-negative lens over the entire front aperture to correct spherical aberration of the main mirror. If desired, the two corrector elements can be made with the same type of glass, since the Houghton corrector's chromatic aberration is minimal.
A refracting telescope (also called a refractor) is a type of optical telescope that uses a lens as its objective to form an image (also referred to a dioptric telescope). The refracting telescope design was originally used in spyglasses and astronomical telescopes but is also used for long-focus camera lenses .