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An erosion gully in Australia caused by rabbits, an unintended consequence of their introduction as game animals. In the social sciences, unintended consequences (sometimes unanticipated consequences or unforeseen consequences, more colloquially called knock-on effects) are outcomes of a purposeful action that are not intended or foreseen.
A key argument for these movements is the need for both personal and systemic changes. Many activists, such as George Monbiot , emphasize that overconsumption is a root cause of global crises like climate change, biodiversity loss, and environmental degradation [ 17 ] Efforts like upcycling and reducing plastic waste are part of broader ...
When needs remain unfulfilled, there is a clear adverse outcome: a dysfunction or death. Needs can be objective and physical, such as the need for food, water, and shelter; or subjective and psychological, such as the need to belong to a family or social group and the need for self-esteem. Wants: Something that is desired, wished for or aspired ...
These tendencies include a constant need to consume, personal dependence, and a tendency to lack a sense of self-control over behavior. [19] Additionally, Zadka and Olajossy state that one could conclude that individuals suffering from the disorder are often in the second decade to fourth decade of their lives and exhibit mannerisms akin to ...
The price limit set for products in price control roll outs are often lower than the predominant market price, which may result in suppliers being unwilling to sell their products. The subsequent decrease in supply will tend to an increase in demand, which can lead to the formation of underground markets where the product is illegally sold for ...
Different economists have different views about what events are the sources of market failure. Mainstream economic analysis widely accepts that a market failure (relative to Pareto efficiency) can occur for three main reasons: if the market is "monopolised" or a small group of businesses hold significant market power, if production of the good or service results in an externality (external ...
Adverse effects, like therapeutic effects of drugs, are a function of dosage or drug levels at the target organs, so they may be avoided or decreased by means of careful and precise pharmacokinetics, the change of drug levels in the organism in function of time after administration. Adverse effects may also be caused by drug interaction. This ...
The nonprofit Ethical Consumer Research Association continues to publish Ethical Consumer and its associated website, which provides free access to ethical rating tables. Although single-source ethical consumerism guides such as Ethical Consumer, Shop Ethical, [4] and the Good Shopping Guide [5] are popular, they suffer from incomplete coverage.