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Dry cooling capability allows siting in locations without a source of cooling water. If the reactor is to become part of a hydrogen economy , the coolant outlet temperature of 850°C would allow the sulfur iodine cycle to be used which directly converts thermal energy into hydrogen (without electric or other intermediate steps) with an overall ...
Coolant temperature, °C: core coolant inlet 249 266 266 core coolant outlet 293.4 310 310 Primary coolant material Heavy Water Secondary coolant material Light Water Moderator material Heavy Water Reactor operating pressure, kg/cm 2 (g) 87 100 100 Active core height, cm 508.5 594 594 Equivalent core diameter, cm 451 - 638.4
core coolant inlet: 307.5 core coolant outlet: 320 Equivalent core diameter, m — Active core height, mm: 3600 Outer diameter of fuel rods, mm: 13.16 Number of fuel rods in assembly: 311 Number of fuel assemblies 151 Uranium loading, tons - Average uranium enrichment, % 4.22 Average fuel burnup, MW · day / kg: 30
In events where the reactor coolant pressure boundary remains intact, the Isolation Condenser System (ICS) is used to remove decay heat from the reactor and transfer it outside containment. The ICS system is a closed loop system that connects the reactor pressure vessel to a heat exchanger located in the upper elevation of the reactor building.
This also increases the capital cost and complexity of a PWR power plant. The high temperature water coolant with boric acid dissolved in it is corrosive to carbon steel (but not stainless steel); this can cause radioactive corrosion products to circulate in the primary coolant loop. This not only limits the lifetime of the reactor, but the ...
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The usual configuration of exchangers is for the HP fluid to be in the tubes and for LP water, cooling or heating media to be on the shell side. There is a risk that a tube rupture could compromise the integrity of the shell and the release flammable gas or liquid, with a risk to people and financial loss.
The first engines relied on thermosiphon cooling alone, where hot coolant left the top of the engine block and passed to the radiator, where it was cooled before returning to the bottom of the engine. Circulation was powered by convection alone. Other demands include cost, weight, reliability, and durability of the cooling system itself.
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