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It is useful because pectin is the jelly-like matrix which helps cement plant cells together and in which other cell wall components, such as cellulose fibrils, are embedded. Therefore, pectinase enzymes are commonly used in processes involving the degradation of plant materials, such as speeding up the extraction of fruit juice from fruit ...
Cells tend to grow transversely to the cellulose microfibril orientation. [2] It has been found that cell walls expand faster under acidic conditions, this is called acid growth. Treating living cells with acid induces acidification of the cell wall by activating an ATPase in the cell wall's plasma membrane. [1]
Toluidine blue is a basic thiazine metachromatic dye with high affinity for acidic tissue components. [2] It stains nucleic acids blue and polysaccharides purple and also increases the sharpness of histology slide images. It is especially useful today for staining chromosomes in plant or animal tissues, as a replacement for Aceto-orcein stain.
Within the 20-year timespan, many scientists have actively contributed to examining and reevaluating Hager's acid-growth hypothesis. Despite the accumulation of observations that evidently identify the final target of the auxin-induced action to be H +-ATPase, which excretes H + protons to the apoplast and take in K + ions through its rectifying K + channel in the following years, the ...
Food intolerance reactions can include pharmacologic, metabolic, and gastro-intestinal responses to foods or food compounds. Food intolerance does not include either psychological responses [3] or foodborne illness. A non-allergic food hypersensitivity is an abnormal physiological response.
Sucrose intolerance or genetic sucrase-isomaltase deficiency (GSID) is the condition in which sucrase-isomaltase, an enzyme needed for proper metabolism of sucrose (sugar) and starch (e.g., grains), is not produced or the enzyme produced is either partially functional or non-functional in the small intestine.
Cellobiose is a disaccharide with the formula (C 6 H 7 (OH) 4 O) 2 O. It is classified as a reducing sugar - any sugar that possesses the ability or function of a reducing agent. The chemical structure of cellobiose is derived from the condensation of a pair of β-glucose molecules forming a β(1→4) bond.
Ribbon representation of the Streptomyces lividans β-1,4-endoglucanase catalytic domain - an example from the family 12 glycoside hydrolases [1]. Cellulase (EC 3.2.1.4; systematic name 4-β-D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase) is any of several enzymes produced chiefly by fungi, bacteria, and protozoans that catalyze cellulolysis, the decomposition of cellulose and of some related polysaccharides: