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2. Rust converter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust_converter

   Rust converters are chemical solutions or primers that can be applied directly to an iron or iron alloy surface to convert iron oxides into a protective chemical barrier. These compounds interact with iron oxides, especially iron(III) oxide , converting them into an adherent black layer ( black oxide ) that is more resistant to moisture and ...

3. Phosphate conversion coating - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate_conversion_coating

   The acid and metal reaction also creates iron phosphate locally which may also be deposited. When depositing zinc phosphate or manganese phosphate the additional iron phosphate may be an undesired impurity. The bath often includes an oxidizer, such as sodium nitrite (NaNO 2), to consume the hydrogen gas (H

4. Phosphoric acid - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoric_acid

   Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 3 P O 4. It is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution , which is a colourless, odourless, and non- volatile syrupy liquid.

5. Corrosion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosion

   In the chemical industry, hydrogen grooving is the corrosion of piping at grooves created by the interaction of a corrosive agent, corroded pipe constituents, and hydrogen gas bubbles. [11] For example, when sulfuric acid ( H 2 SO 4 ) flows through steel pipes, the iron in the steel reacts with the acid to form a passivation coating of iron ...

6. You Can Use Vinegar and Baking Soda To Remove Rust - AOL

   www.aol.com/lifestyle/vinegar-baking-soda-remove...

   You can remove rust corrosion from metal objects without damaging the surface. This expert-recommended DIY method calls for vinegar, salt, and baking soda. ... Step 5: Neutralize the Acid. Once ...

7. Corrosion inhibitors for the petroleum industry - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosion_inhibitors_for...

   Corrosion inhibitors are used in the petroleum industry in several steps, including drilling, production, transportation, and storage of oil and gas. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] They can mitigate different types of corrosion in the petroleum industry, such as generalized corrosion, pitting corrosion, erosion corrosion, stress corrosion, galvanic corrosion ...

8. Rustproofing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rustproofing

   Petroleum-based rust-inhibitors provide several benefits, including the ability to creep over metal, covering missed areas. [citation needed] Additionally, a petroleum, solvent-free rust inhibitor remains on the metal surface, sealing it from rust-accelerating water and oxygen. Other benefits of petroleum-based rust protection include the self ...

9. Pickling (metal) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickling_(metal)

   Pickling is a metal surface treatment used to remove impurities, such as stains, inorganic contaminants, and rust or scale from ferrous metals, copper, precious metals and aluminum alloys. [1] A solution called pickle liquor , which usually contains acid , is used to remove the surface impurities.