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The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, also known as the Permanent Constitution, was ratified in 16 March 1977.Before the current establishment, Tanzania has had three constitutions: the Independence Constitution (1961), the Republican Constitution (1962), and the Interim Constitution of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar (1964).
The original constitution of the united republic gave mainland authorities almost no recourse to intervene in matters of law and justice. Mainland officials were thus powerless to stop a wave of arbitrary arrests and imprisonments on the islands. [ 8 ]
The United Republic of Tanzania was formed on 26 April 1964 as a result of the Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. Julius Nyerere became the first President and Sheikh Abeid Karume became the First Vice President and Chairman of the Revolutionary Council.
As of 2010, Tanzania was ranked Partly Free by Freedom House. [4] The 2011 Democracy Index marked Tanzania as a "hybrid regime", ranking it 90th out of 167, [ 5 ] an improvement from 92nd the year before, but preceding a decline on a number of metrics as shown in subsequent Freedom House studies.
A cross section of the members of the Constituent Assembly. The Tanzanian Constitutional Review Commission is the national commission established as per the Constitutional Review Act of 2011 for the collection of public opinion on the review of the Constitution of Tanzania and its validation via a referendum. [1]
The Judiciary of Tanzania is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Tanzania. The current judiciary bases its foundation to the constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania of 1977. [1] Under the Constitution of Tanzania, Justices and Magistrates are independent of the government and subject only to the Constitution and ...
Under the Constitution of 1964, the first constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, the president replaced the president of Tanganyika and the president of Zanzibar as executive head of state. The president was elected by a yes-or-no confirmation referendum for a five-year term after being nominated by a TANU/CCM electoral college.
The Parliament – the National Assembly and the President of the United Republic – obtains its mandate and functions from Chapter 3 of the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania. The Constitution contains Articles that grant for the establishment, composition and functions of the Parliament. [5]