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A cyclopropyl group is a chemical structure derived from cyclopropane; it is typically produced in a cyclopropanation reaction. The group has an empirical formula of C 3 H 5 and chemical bonds from each of the three carbons to both of the other two.
A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula −C n H 2n−1. [2] Typically an alkyl is a part of a larger molecule. In structural formulae, the symbol R is used to designate a generic (unspecified) alkyl group. The smallest alkyl group is methyl, with the formula −CH 3 ...
From left to right: the two isomeric groups propyl and 1-methylethyl (iPr or isopropyl), and the non-isomeric cyclopropyl group. In organic chemistry, a propyl group is a three-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula −CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 for the linear form.
Most cyclopropanes are not prepared from the parent cyclopropane, which is somewhat inert. Cyclopropyl groups are often prepared by cyclization of 1,3-difunctional alkanes. An example of the former, cyclopropyl cyanide is prepared by the reaction of 4-chlorobutyronitrile with a strong base. [1]
In organic chemistry, cyclopropanation refers to any chemical process which generates cyclopropane ((CH 2) 3) rings.It is an important process in modern chemistry as many useful compounds bear this motif; for example pyrethroid insecticides and a number of quinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, etc.).
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