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This is the pyroelectric effect. All polar crystals are pyroelectric, so the 10 polar crystal classes are sometimes referred to as the pyroelectric classes. Pyroelectric materials can be used as infrared and millimeter wavelength radiation detectors. An electret is the electrical equivalent of a permanent magnet.
In terms of the pyroelectric detector, it can be used as a sensor to support the system. Due to the unipolar axis characteristics of the pyroelectric crystal, it is characterized by asymmetry. Polarization due to changes in temperature, the so-called pyroelectric effect, is currently widely used in sensor technology.
The pyroelectric effect converts a temperature change into electric current or voltage. It is analogous to the piezoelectric effect, which is another type of ferroelectric behavior. Pyroelectricity requires time-varying inputs and suffers from small power outputs in energy harvesting applications due to its low operating frequencies.
A pyroelectric nanogenerator is an energy-harvesting device that converts external thermal energy into electrical energy by using nano-structured pyroelectric materials. The pyroelectric effect is about the spontaneous polarization in certain anisotropic solids as a result of temperature fluctuation. [61]
Also, due to pyroelectric and piezoelectric effects under varying temperature (heating/cooling cycles) [19] [20] or varying strain (vibrations) conditions [21] extra charges can appear on the surface and drive various (electro)chemical reactions forward.
Pyroelectric effect — The potential created in certain materials when they are heated. Redox — (short for reduction-oxidation reaction) A chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed. Skin effect — Tendency of charges to distribute at the surface of a conductor, when an alternating current passes through it.
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The Olsen cycle is a pyroelectric cycle, which was developed between 1978 and 1986 by Olsen and Bruno, [1] by Olsen and Brown, [2] Olsen and Evans, [3] as well as by Olsen et al. [4] It has been called the Ericsson cycle. However, the Olsen cycle avoids the least confusion with its analogous process of the Ericsson cycle. [5]