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Tree taper is the degree to which a tree's stem or bole decreases in diameter as a function of height above ground. Within Forestry and for the purposes of timber production, trees with a high degree of taper are said to have poor form, while those with low taper have good form. The opposite is the case for open-grown amenity trees.
Example of hardware equipment for forest inventories: GPS and laser rangefinder for mapping connected to a field rugged computer. A timber cruise is a sample measurement of a stand used to estimate the amount of standing timber that the forest contains. These measurements are collected at sample locations called plots, quadrants, or strips.
Girard form class is a form quotient calculated as the ratio of diameter inside bark at the top of the first 16 foot log to the diameter outside bark at breast height ().Its purpose is to estimate board-foot volume of whole trees from measurement of DBH, estimation of the number of logs, and estimation of the taper of the first log, based on the general relationships identified between the ...
Tree taper – the degree to which a tree's stem or bole decreases in diameter as a function of height above ground; Girard form class – an expression of tree taper calculated as the ratio of diameter inside the bark at 16 feet above ground to that outside the bark at DBH, primary expression of tree form used in the United States
Difficulties occur when estimating the form class of the tree in question. The Mesavage and Girard form classes used to classify the trees to decide which volume table should be used. These volume tables are also based on different log rules such a Scribner, Doyle, and International 1 ⁄ 4 in (6.4 mm) scale.
At or on the apex of a structure, usually a shoot, a stem, or the trunk of a tree, e.g. an apical meristem or an apical bud. apiculate especially of leaves, ending in a short triangular point. See also Leaf shape. apiphily A form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by honey bees. apo-A prefix meaning "away from, separate, without ...
Allometry studies the relative size of organs or parts of organisms. Tree allometry narrows the definition to applications involving measurements of the growth or size of trees. Allometric relationships often are used to estimate difficult tree measurements, such as volume, from an easily measured attribute such as diameter at breast height (DBH).
Measurement of tree circumference, the tape calibrated to show diameter, at breast height, making sure that the tape is perfectly level and that the tape is not kinked, so as not to skew the reading of the diameter. Diameter at breast height, or DBH, is a standard method of expressing the diameter of the trunk or bole of a standing tree.