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The radius and temperature relative to the Sun means that it is 10,700 times more luminous than the Sun, and its position in the H-R diagram relative to theoretical evolutionary tracks means that it is 8.0 ± 0.3 times as massive as the Sun. [53] Measurements of its shape find a 1.1° departure from spherical symmetry.
Although red supergiants are much cooler than the Sun, they are so much larger that they are highly luminous, typically tens or hundreds of thousands L ☉. [9] There is a theoretical upper limit to the radius of a red supergiant at around 1,500 R ☉. [9] In the Hayashi limit, stars above this radius would be too unstable and simply do not form.
The Sun is a 4.6 billion year-old G-class (G2V) star and is more massive than 95% of all stars. Only 7.6% are G-class stars. The stars below are more similar to the Sun and having the following qualities: [1] Temperature within 50 K from that of the Sun (5728 to 5828 K) [a] (within 10 K of sun (5768–5788 K)).
Despite the lower energy density of their envelope, red giants are many times more luminous than the Sun because of their great size. Red-giant-branch stars have luminosities up to nearly three thousand times that of the Sun ( L ☉ ); spectral types of K or M have surface temperatures of 3,000–4,000 K (compared with the Sun's photosphere ...
For a location closer to the Equator, the same altitude is reached in less than an hour, and for a location farther from the equator, the altitude is reached in more than one hour. For a location sufficiently far from the equator, the sun may not reach an altitude of 10°, and the golden hour lasts for the entire day in certain seasons.
At some point in the dawn of humanity, a smarter-than-average homo sapien moved a rock away from the fire for warmth and invented the thermal battery. These hot rocks can glow brighter than the sun.
Because O-type and B-type stars with a giant luminosity classification are often somewhat more luminous than their normal main-sequence counterparts of the same temperatures and because many of these stars are relatively nearby to Earth on the galactic scale of the Milky Way Galaxy, many of the bright stars in the night sky are examples of blue ...
Taylor Hill/Contributor/Getty Images. It's true: blondes do have more fun in the summer.According to Black, this shade is going to be the most-requested at the salon as the weather warms up.