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Single transistor emitter-follower circuit. The Butler oscillator is a crystal-controlled oscillator that uses the crystal near its series resonance point. They are used where a simple low-cost circuit is needed which can oscillate at high frequencies (>50MHz [1]) by using overtones of a crystal, and also giving low phase noise.
An active-filter tuned oscillator is an active electronic circuit designed to produce a periodic signal. It consists of a bandpass filter and an active amplifier, such as an OP-AMP or a BJT. The oscillator is commonly tuned to a specific frequency by varying the reactant of the feedback path within the circuit. An example is the Colpitts ...
Hartley oscillator using a common-drain n-channel JFET instead of a tube.. The Hartley oscillator is distinguished by a tank circuit consisting of two series-connected coils (or, often, a tapped coil) in parallel with a capacitor, with an amplifier between the relatively high impedance across the entire LC tank and the relatively low voltage/high current point between the coils.
Tuning gain and noise present in the control signal affect the phase noise; high noise or high tuning gain imply more phase noise. Other important elements that determine the phase noise are sources of flicker noise (1/f noise) in the circuit, [8] the output power level, and the loaded Q factor of the resonator. [9] (see Leeson's equation).
A blocking oscillator (sometimes called a pulse oscillator) is a simple configuration of discrete electronic components which can produce a free-running signal, requiring only a resistor, a transformer, and one amplifying element such as a transistor or vacuum tube.
Clock outputs are "pullable," i.e., their frequency can be "pulled" or fine-tuned. VCXO outputs can be pulled using an analog voltage input. TCXO – Temperature Compensated Oscillator and VC-TCXO – Voltage Controlled TCXO 0.5–5 ppm High-performance equipment that requires very stable frequencies: networking; base stations; femtocells ...
Oscillator portion of a transistor-based gate-dip meter. Central to the dip meter is a high-frequency variable-frequency oscillator with a calibrated tuning capacitor and matching interchangeable coils, as shown in the circuit diagram. Resonance is indicated by a dip in amplitude of the signal within the GDO, by a meter on the device.
YIG filters tuned by a sweep current are used in spectrum analyzers. Another YIG application is YIG oscillators , where the sphere acts as a tunable frequency-determining element. It is coupled to an amplifier which provides the required feedback for oscillation.