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Metaviruses possess the env gene, allowing them to be infective, which Nefedova and Kim (2009) concluded was obtained from horizontal gene transfer from baculoviruses. [13] Metavirus contains the roo element which is thought to have been obtained from gene transfer from Errantivirus, or more likely, the two genera share a common ancestor. [13]
Moreover, belpaoviruses, metaviruses, pseudoviruses, and retroviruses have other features in common. Their polymerase proteins are similar in structure and include aspartic protease (retroviral aspartyl protease) and an integrase belonging to the DDE recombinase superfamily (see Recombination-activating gene [structure]).
LTR retrotransposons have direct long terminal repeats that range from ~100 bp to over 5 kb in size. LTR retrotransposons are further sub-classified into the Ty1-copia-like (Pseudoviridae), Ty3-like (Metaviridae, formally referred to as Gypsy-like, a name that is being considered for retirement [4]), and BEL-Pao-like (Belpaoviridae) groups based on both their degree of sequence similarity and ...
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV or hMPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Pneumoviridae and is closely related to the avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) subgroup C.
The genomic arrangement of members of the Belpaoviridae family is similar to that of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons of the Metaviridae family. [5] The entire genome is 4.2–10 kb, and one to three genes (pol, env, and gag) are flanked by LTRs of 0.2–1.2 kb. [6]
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The genome is composed of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA that is non-segmented. It is about 15 kbp in size, and encodes eleven proteins. [4] A unique feature of the genome is the M2 gene, which encodes proteins M2-1 and M2-2.
In the 2002 metagenomics study the researchers found that 65% of the sequences of DNA and RNA viruses had no matches in the reference databases. [10] This phenomenon of unmatched viral sequences in sequence reference databases is prevalent in viral metagenomics studies and is referred to as “viral dark matter".