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Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov (Russian: Сапармурат Атаевич Ниязов; Turkmen: Saparmyrat Ataýewiç Nyýazow; [a] 19 February 1940 – 21 December 2006), known as Türkmenbaşy, [b] was a Turkmen politician who led Turkmenistan from 1985 until his death in 2006.
The sole candidate was Saparmurat Niyazov, who had served as the first Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Turkmen SSR since 21 December 1985. Other candidates were not allowed to participate in the elections. According to official data, 99.5% of voters voted in favour of Niyazov, with voter turnout at 99.8%. [2]
A referendum on extending President Saparmurat Niyazov's term until 2002 was held in Turkmenistan on 15 January 1994. [1] Official results showed that the proposal was approved by 99.99% of voters, with a 100% turnout.
On 10 August 2002, the government of Turkmenistan adopted a law to rename all the months and most of the days of the week. The names were chosen according to Turkmen national symbols, as described in the Ruhnama, a book written by Saparmurat Niyazov, Turkmenistan's first and only president for life.
The Ruhnama, or Rukhnama, translated into English as Book of the Soul, is a two volume work written by Saparmurat Niyazov, the president of Turkmenistan from 1990 to 2006. It was intended to serve as a tool of state propaganda , emphasising the basis of the Turkmen nation .
The party was led by former Soviet provincial party leader Saparmurat Niyazov from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s until his death in 2006. In 2013, President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow suspended his party membership for the duration of his presidency. [ 5 ]
Under the new constitution, Turkmenistan was to have a presidential system of government and Niyazov took over the role. [1] On 15 January 1994 a referendum was held on the prolongation of President Niyazov's term of office until 2002, with a claimed 99.99% of voters voting in support.
Pages in category "Saparmurat Niyazov" The following 15 pages are in this category, out of 15 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...