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The opponent-process theory suggests that there are three opponent channels, each comprising an opposing color pair: red versus green, blue versus yellow, and black versus white . [1] The theory was first proposed in 1892 by the German physiologist Ewald Hering.
Color theory, or more specifically traditional color theory, is a historical body of knowledge describing the behavior of colors, namely in color mixing, color contrast effects, color harmony, color schemes and color symbolism. [1] Modern color theory is generally referred to as color science.
This theory also explains negative afterimages; once a stimulus of a certain color is presented, the opponent color is perceived after the stimulus is removed because the anabolic and catabolic processes are reversed. For example, red creates a positive (or excitatory) response while green creates a negative (or inhibitory) response.
Modern color theory uses either the RGB additive color model or the CMY subtractive color model, and in these, the complementary pairs are red–cyan, green–magenta (one of the purples), and blue–yellow. In the traditional RYB color model, the complementary color pairs are red–green, yellow–purple, and blue–orange.
Unique hue is a term used in perceptual psychology of color vision and generally applied to the purest hues of blue, green, yellow and red. The proponents of the opponent process theory believe that these hues cannot be described as a mixture of other hues, and are therefore pure, whereas all other hues are composite. [1]
A RYB color wheel with tertiary colors described under the modern definition. RYB is a subtractive mixing color model, used to estimate the mixing of pigments (e.g. paint) in traditional color theory, with primary colors red, yellow, and blue. The secondary colors are green, purple, and orange as demonstrated here:
One theory for why people prefer one color more than another is called ecological valence theory (EVT) proposed by Stephen Palmer and Karen Schloss. [36] This theory asserts that people tend to like or dislike colors based on their associations of the color to other objects or situations that they have strong feelings about.
Color analysis is a discipline that requires training and a background in color theory. Without the proper qualifications, it’s easy to fall into stereotypes and misconceptions.