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An oak is a hardwood tree or shrub in the genus Quercus of the beech family. They have spirally arranged leaves, often with lobed edges, and a nut called an acorn, borne within a cup. The genus is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere; it includes some 500 species, both deciduous and evergreen. Fossil oaks date back to the Middle Eocene.
Quercus robur (from the Latin quercus, "oak" + robur derived from a word meaning robust, strong) was named by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum (1753). [11] [12] It is the type species of the genus and classified in the white oak section (Quercus section Quercus). [13] It has numerous common names, including "common oak", "European oak" and ...
Quercus cerris, the Turkey oak or Austrian oak, [3] [4] is an oak native to south-eastern Europe and Asia Minor. It is the type species of Quercus sect. Cerris , a section of the genus characterised by shoot buds surrounded by soft bristles, bristle-tipped leaf lobes, and acorns that usually mature in 18 months.
Quercus shumardii, the Shumard oak, spotted oak, Schneck oak, Shumard red oak, or swamp red oak, is one of the largest of the oak species in the red oak group (Quercus section Lobatae). It is closely related to Quercus buckleyi (Texas red oak), Quercus texana (Nuttall's red oak), and Quercus gravesii (Chisos red oak).
Quercus acutissima is closely related to the Turkey oak, classified with it in Quercus sect. Cerris, a section of the genus characterized by shoot buds surrounded by soft bristles, bristle-tipped leaf lobes, and acorns that mature in about 18 months. [3]
The Valonia oak was first described as the species Quercus macrolepis by Carl Friedrich Kotschy in 1860. It was reduced to a subspecies of Quercus ithaburensis in 1981. [ 1 ] Within the oak genus, Q. ithaburensis is classified in the subgenus Cerris , section Cerris , which includes Quercus cerris , the Turkey oak, and related species.
The genus Quercus contains about 500 known species, plus about 180 hybrids between them. [1] The genus, as is the case with many large genera, is divided into subgenera and sections. Traditionally, the genus Quercus was divided into the two subgenera Cyclobalanopsis, the ring-cupped oaks, and Quercus, which included
Quercus macranthera, commonly called the Caucasian oak, or the Persian oak, is a species of deciduous tree native to Western Asia (northern Iran, Turkey; and in the Caucasus in Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan) [2] that is occasionally grown as an ornamental tree in Europe growing to 30 metres (98 feet) tall. [3] It is placed in section Quercus ...