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Ojibwe (/ oʊ ˈ dʒ ɪ b w eɪ / oh-JIB-way), [2] also known as Ojibwa (/ oʊ ˈ dʒ ɪ b w ə / oh-JIB-wə), [3] [4] [5] Ojibway, Otchipwe, [6] Ojibwemowin, or Anishinaabemowin, is an indigenous language of North America of the Algonquian language family. [7] [8] The language is characterized by a series of dialects that have local names and ...
The exonym for this Anishinaabe group is Ojibwe (plural: Ojibweg). This word has two variations, one French (Ojibwa) and the other English (Chippewa). [8] Although many variations exist in the literature, Chippewa is more common in the United States, and Ojibway predominates in Canada, [9] but both terms are used in each country.
The Odawa (also known as Ottawa or Outaouais) are a Native American and First Nations people. Ojibwe, Ojibwa, Chippewa (or Anishinaabemowin in Eastern Ojibwe syllabics) is the third most commonly spoken Native language in Canada (after Cree and Inuktitut), and the fourth most spoken in North America behind Navajo, Cree, and Inuktitut ...
The former has the phonetic value [ŋ] (arising from place of articulation assimilation of /n/ to the following velar consonant /ɡ/, which is then deleted in word-final position as in mnising [mnɪsɪŋ] "at the island"), and the latter has the phonetic value [ŋɡ] as in san'goo [saŋɡoː] "black squirrel".
The Ojibwe word for clan (doodem) was borrowed into English as totem. The clans, based mainly on animals, were instrumental in traditional occupations, intertribal relations, and marriages. Today, the clan remains an important part of Anishinaabe identity.
In addition to the Algonquian Anishinaabeg, many other tribes believed in Gitche Manitou.References to the Great Manitou by the Cheyenne and the Oglala Sioux (notably in the recollections of Black Elk), indicate that belief in this deity extended into the Great Plains, fully across the wider group of Algonquian peoples.
Ojibwe language is rich in its use of preverbs, which is a prefix that comes before verbs, nouns, and particles, to provide an additional layer of meaning. In Ojibwe, there are four classes of preverbs ranked in importance by six degrees: class 1—tense, aspect, mode, or syntactic prefix appearing on verbs mode-subordinator:
Ojibwe religion is the traditional Native American ... and probably derives from the Algonquian word ojib ... east is yellow, south is red, west is black, and north ...