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Construction cost management is a fee-based service in which the construction manager (CM) is responsible exclusively to the owner, acting in the owner's interests at every stage of the project. The construction manager offers impartial advice on matters such as: Optimum use of available funds; Control of the scope of the work; Project scheduling
Good manufacturing practice guidelines provide guidance for manufacturing, testing, and quality assurance in order to ensure that a manufactured product is safe for human consumption or use. Many countries have legislated that manufacturers follow GMP procedures and create their own GMP guidelines that correspond with their legislation.
It is a key document in the GMP (Good manufacturing practice) regulated pharmaceutical industry as it drives a structured approach to validation projects. [2] Food and Drug Administration inspectors often look at VMPs during audits to see whether or not a facility's validation strategy is well thought-out and organized.
Good manufacturing practice (GMP) Best practice; American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) European Medicines Agency (EMEA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan) Pharmaceutical Inspection Convention and Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation ...
ISPE has published a series of good practice guides for the industry on several topics involved in drug manufacturing. The most well-known is The Good Automated Manufacturing Practice (GAMP) Guide for Validation of Automated Systems in Pharmaceutical Manufacture. The second edition (GAMP5) was released in July 2022. [2]
Design–build (or design/build, and abbreviated D–B or D/B accordingly), also known as alternative delivery, [1] is a project delivery system used in the construction industry. It is a method to deliver a project in which the design and construction services are contracted by a single entity known as the design–builder or design–build ...
A contingency plan, or alternate plan, also known colloquially as Plan B, is a plan devised for an outcome other than in the usual (expected) plan. [1] It is often used for risk management for an exceptional risk that, though unlikely, would have catastrophic consequences.
The cost contingency which is included in a cost estimate, bid, or budget may be classified as to its general purpose, that is what it is intended to provide for. For a class 1 construction cost estimate, usually needed for a bid estimate, the contingency may be classified as an estimating and contracting contingency.