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To illustrate, a simple example of this process is to find the mean and variance of the derived quantity z = x 2 where the measured quantity x is Normally distributed with mean μ and variance σ 2. The derived quantity z will have some new PDF, that can (sometimes) be found using the rules of probability calculus. [ 7 ]
The SI has special names for 22 of these coherent derived units (for example, hertz, the SI unit of measurement of frequency), but the rest merely reflect their derivation: for example, the square metre (m 2), the SI derived unit of area; and the kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m 3 or kg⋅m −3), the SI derived unit of density.
Derived quantities can be expressed in terms of the base quantities. Note that neither the names nor the symbols used for the physical quantities are international standards. Some quantities are known as several different names such as the magnetic B-field which is known as the magnetic flux density , the magnetic induction or simply as the ...
The following example concerns definitions of quantities and units. The (average) velocity ( v ) of an object is defined as the quantitative physical property of the object that is directly proportional to the distance ( d ) traveled by the object and inversely proportional to the time ( t ) of travel, i.e., v = kd / t , where k is a constant ...
It is not defined for ratios of quantities of other kinds. Within the ISQ, all levels are treated as derived quantities of dimension 1. [citation needed] Several units for levels are defined by the SI and classified as "non-SI units accepted for use with the SI units". [4] An example of level is sound pressure level, with the unit of decibel.
When that multiplier is one, the unit is called a coherent derived unit. For example, the coherent derived SI unit of velocity is the metre per second, with the symbol m/s. [1]: 139 The base and coherent derived units of the SI together form a coherent system of units (the set of coherent SI units). A useful property of a coherent system is ...
Secondary units (multiples and submultiples) are derived from these base and derived units by multiplying by powers of ten. For example, where the unit of length is the metre; a distance of 1 metre is 1,000 millimetres, or 0.001 kilometres.
A systems of quantities relates physical quantities, and due to this dependence, a limited number of quantities can serve as a basis in terms of which the dimensions of all the remaining quantities of the system can be defined. A set of mutually independent quantities may be chosen by convention to act as such a set, and are called base quantities.