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The Tongva did not practice horticulture or agriculture, as their well-developed hunter-gatherer and trade economy provided adequate food resources. [77] [78] [79] The bread was made from the yellow pollen of cattail heads, and the underground rhizomes were dried and ground into a starchy meal. [75] [76] The young shoots were eaten raw. [80]
Tongva is closely related to Serrano. [3] The names of several cities and neighborhoods in Southern California are of Tongva origin, and include Pacoima, Tujunga, Topanga, Azusa, Cahuenga in Cahuenga Pass and Cucamonga in Rancho Cucamonga. The last fluent native speakers of Tongva lived in the early 20th century.
Uto-Aztecan-speaking communities in and around Mexico. Uto-Aztecan languages are spoken in the North American mountain ranges and adjacent lowlands of the western United States in the states of Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Utah, California, Nevada, and Arizona.
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Tongva Sacred Springs (pictured March 2023). Tovaangar (Tongva: "the world") [1] [2] refers to the Tongva world or homelands. It includes the greater area of the Los Angeles Basin, including the San Gabriel Valley, San Fernando Valley, northern Orange County, parts of San Bernardino County and Riverside County, and the southern Channel Islands, including San Nicholas, Santa Catalina, Santa ...
The Tongva, who spoke the Tongva language, a Uto-Aztecan or Shoshonean language, had a series of villages in the southern Valley along or near the river, including Totongna (near modern-day Calabasas), Siutcanga (near Encino; means "place of the oak" in Fernandeño) and Kawengna (which the Spanish would write as Cahuenga; it means "place of the ...
The oak is one of the Tongva people’s sacred plants; its acorns are a staple in traditional meals. “We know our oak, and we know that it is very resilient,” he said.
While most sought prime agricultural land, some did gravitate to the Newport area and a small settlement was born. [ 7 ] Desperate for materials and food, residents of this small settlement were thrilled when Captain Samuel Sumner Dunnels cautiously guided his 105-ton, flat-bottomed steamer Vaquero into the virtually unexplored Newport Bay ...