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The rows formed slow surface water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to infiltrate into the soil. Soil conservation is the prevention of loss of the topmost layer of the soil from erosion or prevention of reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil contamination
Terraces, conservation tillage, and conservation buffers save soil and improve water quality on this Iowa farm. Hydroseeding in the United Kingdom Tateyama Sabō Erosion Control Works Service Train (description page) Erosion control construction entrance (description page)
It estimates the average annual soil loss A on a plot-sized area as: [98] A = RKLSCP. where R is the rainfall erosivity factor, [99] [100] K is the soil erodibility factor, [101] L and S are topographic factors [102] representing length and slope, [103] C is the cover and management factor [104] and P is the support practices factor. [105]
No-till farming (also known as zero tillage or direct drilling) is an agricultural technique for growing crops or pasture without disturbing the soil through tillage.No-till farming decreases the amount of soil erosion tillage causes in certain soils, especially in sandy and dry soils on sloping terrain.
Soil erosion is the main factor for soil degradation and is due to several mechanisms: water erosion, wind erosion, chemical degradation and physical degradation. Erosion can be influenced by human activity. For example, roads which increase impermeable surfaces lead to streaming and ground loss.
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[11] [12] Soil degradation is a gradual process involving the natural and anthropogenic processes that result in the physical loss (erosion) and reduction in soil quality. [7] The recognition of anthropogenic effects on soil degradation has influenced discourse of urban soil management, and formulation of policies by regional organizations. [13]