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The Sunrise Ruby [1] [2] [3] has been the world's most expensive ruby, most expensive coloured gemstone, and most expensive gemstone other than a diamond [2] [3] [4] until the discovery of the Estrela de Fura. Originally mined in Myanmar, its current name is derived from a poem of the same name, written by the 13th-century Sufi poet Rumi. [5]
Gemstones of the World revised 5th edition, 2013 by Walter Schumann ISBN 978-1454909538 Smithsonian Handbook: Gemstones by Cally Hall, 2nd ed. 2002 ISBN 978-0789489852 hide
A ruby is a pink to blood-red colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum (aluminium oxide). Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapphires. Ruby is one of the traditional cardinal gems, together with amethyst, sapphire, emerald, and diamond. [1] The word ruby comes from ruber, Latin for red.
Rhodochrosite is a manganese carbonate mineral with chemical composition MnCO 3.In its pure form (rare), it is typically a rose-red colour, [5] but it can also be shades of pink to pale brown.
Carbuncle (/ ˈ k ɑːr b ʌ ŋ k əl /) is another name for a deep red almandine gemstone that has been cut with a smooth, convex face in a method called cabochon. [1] Traditionally, the term referred to any red gemstone, most often a red garnet. [2] Carbuncles and their chimeras have spanned three millennia.
Rhodolite is a varietal name for rose-pink to red mineral pyrope, a species in the garnet group. It was first described from Cowee Valley , Macon County , North Carolina . [ 2 ] The name is derived from the Greek "rhodon" for "rose-like", in common with other pink mineral types (such as rhodochrosite , rhodonite ).
The OED defines pyrope (from Greek Πυρωπός, lit. "fire-eyed")" as: "In early use applied vaguely to a red or fiery gem, as ruby or carbuncle; (mineralogy) the Bohemian garnet or fire-garnet"; and carbuncle or carbuncle-stone (from Latin "carbunculus", "small glowing ember") as: "A name variously applied to precious stones of a red or ...
Red beryl, formerly known as bixbite and marketed as red emerald or scarlet emerald, is an extremely rare variety of beryl as well as one of the rarest minerals on Earth. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] : 19 The gem gets its red color from manganese ions embedded inside of beryllium aluminium cyclosilicate crystals. [ 1 ]