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Archduke Maximilian Joseph of Austria-Este (July 14, 1782 – June 1, 1863), the fourth son of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and younger brother of Francis IV, Duke of Modena. He was grand master of the Teutonic Knights from 1835 to 1863.
Maximilian I (Spanish: Fernando Maximiliano José María de Habsburgo-Lorena; German: Ferdinand Maximilian Josef Maria von Habsburg-Lothringen; 6 July 1832 – 19 June 1867) was an Austrian archduke who became emperor of the Second Mexican Empire from 10 April 1864 until his execution by the Mexican Republic on 19 June 1867.
Maximilian of Austria may refer to the following members of the Habsburg dynasty: Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1459–1519), who obtained the Burgundian lands by marriage Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (1527–1576), king of Bohemia, king of Hungary, and emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
Archduke Maximilian may refer to: Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1459–1519) Archduke Maximilian Ernest of Austria (1583–1616) Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria (1756–1801) Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico (1832–1867) Archduke Maximilian of Austria-Este (1782–1863) Archduke Maximilian of Austria (1895–1952)
Maximilian was born in 1832, the second son of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria of the House of Hapsburg and Princess Sophie of Bavaria. After a career in the Austrian Navy, he was encouraged by Napoleon III to become Emperor of Mexico following the French intervention in Mexico. Maximilian arrived in Mexico in May 1864.
[29] [30] [31] The "war apparatus" he created later played an essential role in Austria's rank as great power. Maximilian was the founder and organiser of the arms industry of the Habsburgs. [32] He started the standardization of the artillery (according to the weight of the cannonballs) and made them more mobile. [33]
The French invaded Mexico in 1862. General Forey entered the capital on June 10, 1863, and convoked a Council of Notables to discuss the founding of an empire. There was agreement on the empire, but disagreement over who should receive the crown. It was Labastida who proposed Maximilian of Austria, and the proposal was adopted by acclamation.
Also, the Second Mexican Empire, from 1863 to 1867, was headed by Maximilian I of Mexico, ... Maximilian Ernest of Austria 1583–1616: Leopold V Archduke of Austria