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This is a partial list of human eye diseases and disorders. The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a classification of known diseases and injuries, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems , or ICD-10.
There are many eye conditions that can lead to vision disorder. Some of which are as follows: Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD): ARMD is a retinal degeneration disease specifically associated with macula blood vessels, which can result in central vision impairment. It is strongly linked to advancing age, as well as European ancestry. [2]
Cataracts: Cloudiness over the eye's lens, cause blurring of vision, halos around lights, and sensitivity to glare. [5] It is also the main cause of blindness worldwide. [2] Glaucoma: Increased intraocular pressure (pressure in the eye) cause progressive optic neuropathy that leads to optic nerve damage, visual field defects and blindness. [6]
There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
Another treatment that is sometimes suggested is lacrimal plugs that prevent tears from draining from the surface of the eye. Dry eye syndrome is a common eye disease. [3] It affects 5–34% of people to some degree depending on the population looked at. [5] Among older people it affects up to 70%. [10] In China it affects about 17% of people. [11]
Myopia is the most common eye problem and is estimated to affect 1.5 billion people (22% of the world population). [2] [4] Rates vary significantly in different areas of the world. [2] Rates among adults are between 15% and 49%.
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The eye is usually patched on the day of surgery and use of an eye shield at night is often suggested for several days after surgery. [ 52 ] In all types of surgery, the cataractous lens is removed and replaced with an artificial lens, known as an intraocular lens , which stays in the eye permanently.