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Bipolar disorder is a serious mental health condition affecting 2.8 percent of adults in the United States. It involves episodes of mania (extreme highs) and depression (intense lows ...
Fact #8: ADHD Treatments Can Trigger Bipolar Disorder ADHD is commonly treated with stimulant medications, but these can trigger manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder. That’s why a ...
Mania is a syndrome with multiple causes. [7] Although the vast majority of cases occur in the context of bipolar disorder, it is a key component of other psychiatric disorders (such as schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type) and may also occur secondary to various general medical conditions, such as multiple sclerosis; certain medications may perpetuate a manic state, for example prednisone ...
Hypomanic episodes do not go to the full extremes of mania (i.e., do not usually cause severe social or occupational impairment, and are without psychosis), and this can make bipolar II more difficult to diagnose, since the hypomanic episodes may simply appear as periods of successful high productivity and are reported less frequently than a ...
A mixed episode is defined by the presence of a hypomanic or depressive episode that is accompanied by symptoms of the opposite polarity. This is commonly referred to as a mood episode with mixed features (e.g. depression with mixed features or hypomania with mixed features), but can also be referred to as mixed episodes or mixed states. [25]
Substance-induced mood disorders can have features of a manic, hypomanic, mixed, or depressive episode. Most substances can induce a variety of mood disorders. For example, stimulants such as amphetamine, methamphetamine, and cocaine can cause manic, hypomanic, mixed, and depressive episodes. [35] [unreliable source?]
Sometimes patients can experience extreme cycling where they experience four or more episodes of mania and major depression in one year. [1] In addition to affecting mood, people who have bipolar disorder often deal with impaired cognitive abilities, where memory, speech, attention and decision-making skills are all impacted.
The social zeitgeber hypothesis therefore proposes that in bipolar disorder the fundamental circadian instability can be moderated by the stabilization of daily rhythms and zeitgeber. [11] According to the hypothesis, a disruption (e.g. life event) could trigger depressive, hypomanic or manic episodes.
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