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10th century: Fire lance in Song dynasty China, developed in the 10th century with a tube of first bamboo and later on metal that shot a weak gunpowder blast of flame and shrapnel, its earliest depiction is a painting found at Dunhuang. [344] Fire lance is the earliest firearm in the world and one of the earliest gunpowder weapons. [345] [346]
[4] [6] Traditions of early science were also developed in ancient India and separately in ancient China, the Chinese model having influenced Vietnam, Korea and Japan before Western exploration. [7] Among the Pre-Columbian peoples of Mesoamerica , the Zapotec civilization established their first known traditions of astronomy and mathematics for ...
c.400 BC – Plato provides the first detailed definitions of the concepts of idea, matter, form and appearance. c.320 BC – Aristotle categorizes and subdivides knowledge into physics, poetry, zoology, logic, rhetoric, politics, and biology. His Posterior Analytics defended the ideal of science as originating from known axioms. Aristotle ...
Meanwhile, Greece and its colonies have entered the Roman period in the last few decades of the preceding millennium, and Greek science is negatively impacted by the Fall of the Western Roman Empire and the economic decline that follows. 1st to 4th century: A precursor to long division, known as "galley division" is developed
Silica fiber based composite or Silica-Silica composite, In 2012 ISRO developed world's first pure silica fiber composite without carbon element known as silica fiber-silica matrix composite and also a new technology for developing silica fibres by sol-gel process. These fibres can be used for high temperature insulation up to 1500C and cheaper ...
It included rapid development of chemical, electrical, petroleum, and steel technologies connected with highly structured technology research. Telegraphy developed into a practical technology in the 19th century to help run the railways safely. [90] Along with the development of telegraphy was the patenting of the first telephone.
The Scientific Revolution was a series of events that marked the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature.
Our Science and Technology Heritage gallery for the National Science Centre in Delhi; A brief introduction to technological brilliance of Ancient India (Indian Institute of Scientific Heritage) Science and Technology in Ancient India Archived 2015-05-01 at the Wayback Machine; India: Science and technology, U.S. Library of Congress.