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De jure belli ac pacis, title page from the first edition of 1625. De jure belli ac pacis, title page from the second edition of 1631.. De iure belli ac pacis (English: On the Law of War and Peace) is a 1625 book written by Hugo Grotius on the legal status of war that is regarded as a foundational work in international law.
Martin Bucer (/ ˈ b uː s ər /; Early German: Martin Butzer; [1] [2] [a] 11 November 1491 – 28 February 1551) was a German Protestant reformer based in Strasbourg who influenced Lutheran, Calvinist, and Anglican doctrines and practices.
Lollards believed in the primacy of scripture and that the Bible should be available in the vernacular languages for the benefit of the laity. They prioritised preaching scripture over the sacraments and did not believe in transubstantiation. In addition, they condemned prayers for the dead and denied that confession to a priest was necessary ...
Transubstantiation – the real presence of Jesus in the Eucharistic Adoration at Saint Thomas Aquinas Cathedral in Reno, Nevada. Transubstantiation (Latin: transubstantiatio; Greek: μετουσίωσις metousiosis) is, according to the teaching of the Catholic Church, "the change of the whole substance of bread into the substance of the Body of Christ and of the whole substance of wine ...
Protestant Reformers were theologians whose careers, works and actions brought about the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century.. In the context of the Reformation, Martin Luther was the first reformer, sharing his views publicly in 1517, followed by Andreas Karlstadt and Philip Melanchthon at Wittenberg, who promptly joined the new movement.
Law and Grace painting by Lucas Cranach Another essential aspect of his theology was his emphasis on the "proper distinction" [ 20 ] between Law and Gospel . He believed that this principle of interpretation was an essential starting point in the study of the scriptures and that failing to distinguish properly between Law and Gospel was at the ...
Philip Melanchthon [a] (born Philipp Schwartzerdt; [b] 16 February 1497 – 19 April 1560) was a German Lutheran reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, an intellectual leader of the Lutheran Reformation, and influential designer of educational systems.
For Kingsbury and Roberts, "the most important direct contribution of ["On the Law of War and Peace"] lies in the way it systematically brings together practices and authorities on the traditional but fundamental subject of jus belli, which he organizes for the first time from a body of principles rooted in the law of nature." [53] [54]