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A marcher lord (Welsh: barwn y mers) was a noble appointed by the king of England to guard the border (known as the Welsh Marches) between England and Wales. A marcher lord was the English equivalent of a margrave (in the Holy Roman Empire ) or a marquis (in France) before the introduction of the title of "marquess" in Britain; no marcher lord ...
The marcher lordship was originally bestowed to the Earls of Surrey of the Warenne family, being seized from the inheritance of lord Madog Crypl, son of prince Gruffudd Fychan I. [2] These lordships historically belonged to the Princes of Powys Fadog, Lords of Yale and Dinas Bran, members of the Royal House of Mathrafal. [3] [2]
The History of the Princes, the Lords Marcher, and the Ancient Nobility of Powys Fadog, and the Ancient Lords of Arwystli, Cedewen, and Meirionydd and Many of the Descendants of the Fifteen Noble Tribes of Gwynedd, 1887, London, by Jacob Youde William Lloyd; The Royal Tribes of Wales, 1799, London, Philip Yorke; Castell Brogyntyn Secret Shropshire
King John acquiesced to Reginald's claims to the de Braose estates in Wales in May 1216. Reginald became Lord of Brecon, Abergavenny, Builth and held other Marcher Lordships but was also very much a vassal of the Welsh leader Llewelyn Fawr, Prince of Gwynedd who had become his father-in-law in 1215 when Reginald married Llywelyn's daughter, Gwladus Ddu.
Inspired by Hywel's success, Gruffydd ap Rhys, Prince of Deheubarth, hastened to meet with Gruffydd I of Gwynedd, his father-in-law, to enlist his aid. [4] However, the opportunities presented by the anarchy worked both ways - the absence of Gruffydd ap Rhys from Deheubarth enabled Marcher lords to encroach further into Deheubarth. [7]
The Lordship of Glamorgan was one of the most powerful and wealthy of the Welsh Marcher Lordships. The seat was Cardiff Castle.It was established by the conquest of Glamorgan from its native Welsh ruler, by the Anglo-Norman nobleman Robert FitzHamon, feudal baron of Gloucester, and his legendary followers the Twelve Knights of Glamorgan.
Nevertheless, by the end of the 12th century the Marcher lordships were reduced to the south and south-east of the country. [2] The principality of Gwynedd was the dominant power in Wales in the first half of the 13th century, with Powys and Deheubarth becoming tributary states. [3] Gwynedd's princes now assumed the title "Prince of Wales". [4]
Painting of Powys Castle by artist David Cox. Powys Wenwynwyn or Powys Cyfeiliog was a Welsh kingdom which existed during the high Middle Ages. The realm was the southern portion of the former princely state of Powys which split following the death of Madog ap Maredudd of Powys in 1160: the northern portion (Maelor) went to Gruffydd Maelor and eventually became known as Powys Fadog; while the ...