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Pulse-Doppler signal processing begins with samples taken between multiple transmit pulses. Sample strategy expanded for one transmit pulse is shown. Pulse-Doppler begins with coherent pulses transmitted through an antenna or transducer. There is no modulation on the transmit pulse. Each pulse is a perfectly clean slice of a perfect coherent tone.
The first operational pulse-Doppler radar was in the CIM-10 Bomarc, an American long range supersonic missile powered by ramjet engines, and which was armed with a W40 nuclear weapon to destroy entire formations of attacking enemy aircraft. [1] Pulse-Doppler systems were first widely used on fighter aircraft starting in the 1960s. Earlier ...
Ultra-low antenna side-lobes combined with pulse-to-pulse and burst-to-burst frequency agility provides some resistance to jamming. As in previous Giraffe radars, automatic hovering helicopter detection is provided, as is a rocket, artillery and mortar locating function, allowing the radar to detect incoming rounds and give 20 seconds or more ...
The most effective clutter reduction technique is pulse-Doppler radar with Look-down/shoot-down capability. Doppler separates clutter from aircraft and spacecraft using a frequency spectrum, so individual signals can be separated from multiple reflectors located in the same volume using velocity differences. This requires a coherent transmitter.
Pulse compression is a signal processing technique commonly used by radar, sonar and echography to either increase the range resolution when pulse length is constrained or increase the signal to noise ratio when the peak power and the bandwidth (or equivalently range resolution) of the transmitted signal are constrained.
Unlike 1D Doppler imaging, which can only provide one-dimensional velocity and has dependency on the beam to flow angle, [4] 2D velocity estimation using Doppler ultrasound is able to generate velocity vectors with axial and lateral velocity components. 2D velocity is useful even if complex flow conditions such as stenosis and bifurcation exist ...
Ultrasound Doppler imaging can be used to obtain basic functional measurements of brain activity using blood flow. In functional transcranial Doppler sonography, a low frequency (1-3 MHz) transducer is used through the temporal bone window with a conventional pulse Doppler mode to estimate blood flow at a single focal location.
laser Doppler imaging of pulse waves on the surface of the hand by holographic photoplethysmography from on-axis digital interferometry. Principal component analysis of digital holograms [23] reconstructed from digitized interferograms acquired at rates beyond ~1000 frames per second reveals surface waves on the hand. This method is an ...