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A pointer a pointing to the memory address associated with a variable b, i.e., a contains the memory address 1008 of the variable b. In this diagram, the computing architecture uses the same address space and data primitive for both pointers and non-pointers; this need not be the case.
In a computer using virtual memory, accessing the location corresponding to a memory address may involve many levels. In computing, a memory address is a reference to a specific memory location in memory used by both software and hardware. [1] These addresses are fixed-length sequences of digits, typically displayed and handled as unsigned ...
This allowed a 16-bit address register, which would normally be able to access 64 KB of memory space, to access 1 MB of memory space. This segmenting of the memory space into discrete blocks with specific tasks carried over into the programming languages of the day and the concept is still widely in use within modern programming languages.
The logical address space (that is, the address space available at any moment without changing the memory mapping table) remains limited to 16 bits. Some models, beginning with the PDP-11/45, can be set to use 32K words (64 KB) as the "instruction space" for program code and a separate 32K words of "data space".
A memory address a is said to be n-byte aligned when a is a multiple of n (where n is a power of 2). In this context, a byte is the smallest unit of memory access, i.e. each memory address specifies a different byte. An n-byte aligned address would have a minimum of log 2 (n) least-significant zeros when expressed in binary.
In computer programming, thread-local storage (TLS) is a memory management method that uses static or global memory local to a thread. The concept allows storage of data that appears to be global in a system with separate threads. Many systems impose restrictions on the size of the thread-local memory block, in fact often rather tight limits.
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If paging is enabled, the base address in a segment descriptor is an address in a linear paged address space divided into 4 KB pages, so when that is added to the offset in the segment, the resulting address is a linear address in that address space; in IA-32, that address is then masked to be no larger than 32 bits. The result may be looked up ...