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Kazan, 8th century. The Japanese art of bonsai is believed to have originated from bonkei (盆景, penjing in Chinese) introduced from China. [6] [7] In the Tang Dynasty, there was the art of representing natural scenery with plants and stones in a tray [citation needed]
Chinese cultural hegemony gave the practice influence over other cultures, engendering bonsai and saikei in Japan, as well as the miniature living landscapes of hòn non bộ in Vietnam. Generally speaking, tree penjing specimens differ from bonsai by allowing a wider range of tree shapes (more "natural-looking") and by planting them in bright ...
The term "bonsai" itself is a Japanese pronunciation of the earlier Chinese term penzai. The word bonsai is often used in English as an umbrella term for all miniature trees in containers or pots. This article focuses on the history of bonsai in Japan and, in modern times, worldwide.
Penjing being sold in a flowermarket in Futsan, Guangdong.. Lingnan penjing (Jyutping: Ling 5 naam 5 pun 4 ging 2; Traditional Chinese: 嶺南盆景), sometimes called Cantonese penjing (Jyutping: Jyut 6 paai 3 pun 4 ging 2; Traditional Chinese: 粵派盆景), is the style of penjing (called "Pun-ging" in Cantonese) of the Lingnan region - the mainly Cantonese-speaking Southern Chinese ...
Chinese Banyan Fig [6]: 44–45 Ficus neriifolia: Willow-leaved Fig Ficus rubiginosa: Port Jackson Fig Fortunella hindsii: Dwarf orange [6]: 48–49 Fraxinus: Ash Fuchsia, including Fuchsia fulgens hybrids Fuchsia [6]: 54–55 Gardenia, including Gardenia jasminoides: Gardenia [6]: 50–51 Ginkgo biloba: Ginkgo Grevillea robusta
Bonsai is a Japanese art form using miniature trees grown in containers. Similar practices exist in other cultures, including the Chinese tradition of penjing from which the art originated, and the miniature living landscapes of Vietnamese hòn non bộ, but this article describes the Japanese tradition.
Penjing, a Chinese form of container-grown tree, predates and is the origin of bonsai. It has a distinct aesthetic, however, as does the art of saikei, Japanese miniature multi-tree landscapes in a container. A Japanese Black Pine in an informal style. John Naka's famous bonsai Goshin, showing some deadwood effects.
Bonsai cultivation and care involves the long-term cultivation of small trees in containers, called bonsai in the Japanese tradition of this art form. Similar practices exist in other Japanese art forms and in other cultures, including saikei (Japanese), penjing (Chinese), and hòn non bộ (Vietnamese).
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