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The Boudican revolt was an armed uprising by native Celtic Britons against the Roman Empire during the Roman conquest of Britain. It took place circa AD 60–61 in the Roman province of Britain , and it was led by Boudica , the Queen of the Iceni tribe.
The Boudican revolt against the Roman Empire is referred to in four works from classical antiquity written by three Roman historians: the Agricola (c. 98) and Annals (c. 110s) by Tacitus; [2] a mention of the uprising by Suetonius in his Lives of the Caesars (121); [3] and the longest account, a detailed description of the revolt contained within Cassius Dio's history of the Empire (c. 202 ...
Vatican Museum, Rome. Following the destruction of the Colonia and Suetonius Paulinus’ crushing of the revolt the town was rebuilt on a larger scale and flourished, [20] growing larger in size than its pre-Boudican levels (to 108 acres/45 ha) [3] despite its loss of status to Londinium, reaching its peak in the Second and 3rd centuries. [5]
The Boudican revolt was an assault by 230,000 Celtic Britons, although the source for this number is the Roman Scholar and Historian Lucius Cassius Dio writing around 100 years after the battle took place. [8] [9] The Boudican rebels more likely numbered between 20 and 40,000.
The town itself was probably laid out, and its first streets metalled, in approximately the first half of the second century. [4] The town, which is mentioned in both the Ravenna Cosmography and the Antonine Itinerary, [5] was a settlement near the village of Caistor St. Edmund, some 5 miles (8.0 km) south of present-day Norwich, and a mile or two from the Bronze Age henge at Arminghall.
The head of an Equestrian statue of Nero found in Suffolk, believed to have been taken from the Temple of Claudius, Nero's predecessor, during Boudica's revolt. [1] [12] In 60/1 AD the Iceni rebelled against the Romans, joined by the Trinovantes who were native to the area around Camulodunum. [1]
It was led by the Provincial governor of Britannia, Suetonius Paulinus, who led a successful assault on the island in 60–61 CE, but had to withdraw because of the Boudican revolt. [2] In 77 CE, Gnaeus Julius Agricola's thorough subjugation of the island left it under Roman rule until the end of Roman rule in Britain in the early 5th century CE.
Quintus Petillius Cerialis Caesius Rufus (c. AD 30 — after AD 83), [1] otherwise known as Quintus Petillius Cerialis, was a Roman general and administrator who served in Britain during Boudica's rebellion and went on to participate in the civil wars after the death of Nero.