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The combination of anemia and low blood pressure means that the blood is carrying less oxygen to the tissues. The optic nerve can be at very high risk for damage from insufficient blood supply due to swelling (from lack of oxygen) in a confined bony space resulting in a compartment syndrome. Restricted blood flow can lead to permanent damage to ...
Since the central retinal artery and vein are the sole source of blood supply and drainage for the retina, such occlusion can lead to severe damage to the retina and blindness, due to ischemia (restriction in blood supply) and edema (swelling). [2] CRVO can cause ocular ischemic syndrome. Nonischemic CRVO is the milder form of the disease.
Other research indicates that a drop in blood pressure within specific critical areas of the optic disc's blood supply network may increase its susceptibility to damage. [ 11 ] There are debates over other potential causes such as nighttime drops in blood pressure, as well as the hypothesis that the optic disc's ability to regulate its blood ...
Without blood flow, the affected areas swell up, stop working correctly and start to die, resulting in severe vision loss or blindness, according to the Cleveland Clinic.
The optic nerve can be damaged when exposed to direct or indirect injury. Direct optic nerve injuries are caused by trauma to the head or orbit that crosses normal tissue planes and disrupts the anatomy and function of the optic nerve; e.g., a bullet or forceps that physically injures the optic nerve.
Pentoxifylline has been shown to reduce erythrocyte rigidity, resulting in decreased blood viscosity and increased flow velocity. [23] Animal studies have demonstrated that pentoxifylline can inhibit TNF and, in turn, prevent retinal ganglion cell death and axonal degeneration associated with optic neuropathy in a dose-dependent manner.
NAION is believed to be caused by reduced blood flow to the optic nerve head. It can lead to permanent visual loss in one eye that may develop painlessly and suddenly or over several days before ...
The major causes of CVI are as follows: asphyxia, hypoxia (a lack of sufficient oxygen in the body's blood cells), or ischemia (not enough blood supply to the brain), all of which may occur during the birth process; developmental brain defects; head injury; hydrocephalus (when the cerebrospinal fluid does not circulate properly around the brain ...
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