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2. Macular degeneration - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macular_degeneration

   The incidence of age-related macular degeneration and its associated features increases with age and is low in people <55 years of age. [101] Smoking is the strongest modifiable risk factor. [102] As of 2008, age-related macular degeneration accounts for more than 54% of all vision loss in the white population in the US. [103]

3. Macula - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macula

   The progressive destruction of the macula is a disease known as macular degeneration and can sometimes lead to the creation of a macular hole. Macular holes are rarely caused by trauma, but if a severe blow is delivered it can burst the blood vessels going to the macula, destroying it. [14]

4. Stem cell therapy for macular degeneration - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_therapy_for...

   Induced pluripotent stem cell taken from blood cell and converted in retinal pigment epithelium. Stem cell therapy for macular degeneration is an emerging treatment approach aimed at restoring vision in individuals suffering from various forms of macular degeneration, particularly age-related macular degeneration (AMD). [1]

5. Maculopathy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maculopathy

   Age-Related Macular Degeneration is a degenerative maculopathy associated with progressive sight loss. It is characterised by changes in pigmentation in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium, the appearance of drusen on the retina of the eye and choroidal neovascularization. AMD has two forms; 'dry' or atrophic/non-exudative AMD, and 'wet' or ...

6. Geographic atrophy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_atrophy

   Geographic atrophy (GA), also known as atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or advanced dry AMD, is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration that can result in the progressive and irreversible loss of retinal tissue (photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, choriocapillaris) which can lead to a loss of central vision over time.

7. Drusen - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drusen

   Drusen associated with aging and macular degeneration are distinct from another clinical entity, optic disc drusen, which is present on the optic nerve head. [2] Both age-related drusen and optic disc drusen can be observed by ophthalmoscopy.