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Strike-slip tectonics or wrench tectonics is a type of tectonics that is dominated by lateral (horizontal) movements within the Earth's crust (and lithosphere). Where a zone of strike-slip tectonics forms the boundary between two tectonic plates , this is known as a transform or conservative plate boundary.
Horizontal motion is indicative of what is known as a strike-slip fault and does not usually show much vertical separation. This is when the motion along the fault is parallel to the fault trace, usually caused by underlying plate tectonics. These fault traces are often identified by some kind of linear feature on the surface such as a fence ...
Strike-slip faults with left-lateral motion are also known as sinistral faults and those with right-lateral motion as dextral faults. [18] Each is defined by the direction of movement of the ground as would be seen by an observer on the opposite side of the fault. A special class of strike-slip fault is the transform fault when it forms a plate ...
Lateral strike-slip faults. Strike-slip faults occur when the blocks slide against each other laterally, parallel to the plane. The direction of the slip can be observed from either side of the fault, with the far block moving to the left indicating a left lateral slip, and the converse indicating a right lateral slip. See animation here [5]
Transtension is the state in which a rock mass or area of the Earth's crust experiences both extensive and transtensive shear.As such, transtensional regions are characterised by both extensional structures (normal faults, grabens) and wrench structures (strike-slip faults).
Simple model for transpression: strike-slip zone with an additional and simultaneous shortening across the zone.Also induces vertical uplift. In geology, transpression is a type of strike-slip deformation that deviates from simple shear because of a simultaneous component of shortening perpendicular to the fault plane.
Seismologists say the Mendocino fault zone is not known to produce significant tsunamis because strike-slip faults involve horizontal motion, rather than a vertical, which displaces more water.
Schematic illustration of the two strike-slip fault types. The view is of the Earth's surface from above. In geology, the terms sinistral and dextral refer to the horizontal component of the movement of blocks on either side of a fault or the sense of movement within a shear zone. These are terms of relative direction, as the movement of the ...