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Union Of India, filed by R. C. Cooper, popularly known as the Bank Nationalization case, held that the Constitution guarantees the right to compensation, that is, the equivalent money of the property compulsorily acquired. The Court also held that a law which seeks to acquire or requisition property for public purposes must satisfy the ...
The three banks were merged in 1921 to form the Imperial Bank of India, which upon India's independence, became the State Bank of India in 1955. For many years, the presidency banks had acted as quasi-central banks, as did their successors, until the Reserve Bank of India [5] was established in 1935, under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 ...
Furthermore, there was a great resentment against class banking in India, which had left the poor (the majority population) unbanked. [2] After becoming Prime Minister, Gandhi expressed the intention of nationalising the banks in a paper titled, "Stray thoughts on Bank Nationalisation" in order to alleviate poverty. [3]
The Imperial Bank of India (IBI) was one of the oldest and the largest commercial banks in India, and was subsequently renamed and nationalised as the State Bank of India in 1955. Initially, as per its royal charter , it acted as the central bank for India prior to the formation of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in 1935.
He joined the Indian Audit and Accounts Service and worked in a number of roles. He played a key role in the nationalization of Indian banks. [6]A large chunk of his civil service years were spent in the banking division (later department) of the Union finance ministry as a key official who helped draft laws that led up to bank nationalisation and thereafter to a supervisory structure for ...
1949 (1 January) Reserve Bank of India nationalised. [26] The Reserve Bank of India was state-owned at the time of Indian independence. 1953 Air India under the Air Corporations Act 1953. 1955 Imperial Bank of India and its subsidiaries (State Bank of India and its subsidiaries) 1969 Nationalization of 14 Indian banks.
On average, inflation in India had remained below 7% through the 1950s and 1960s. [25] But, it then accelerated sharply in the 1970s, from 5.5% in 1970–71 to over 20% by 1973–74, due to the international oil crisis. [24] Gandhi declared inflation the gravest of problems in 1974 (at 25.2%) and devised a severe anti-inflation program.
The Reserve Bank of India, which had been established during British colonial rule as a private company, was nationalized in 1949 following India's independence. By the early 21st century, most of the world's countries had a national central bank set up as a public sector institution, albeit with widely varying degrees of independence.