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Decreased urine output or kidney function may be the only observable symptoms caused by a blood clot renal vein. Other less common causes include hypercoagulable state, invasion by renal cell carcinoma, kidney transplantation, Behcet syndrome, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome or blunt trauma to the back or abdomen. [3]
The venous drainage of the kidney large mirrors its arterial supply, except that there are no segmental veins. [4] The stellate veins arise from the capillaries, then drain successively through interlobular veins and interlobar veins until these converge from across the kidney to form the renal vein for that kidney.
The renal veins empty into the inferior vena cava, entering it at nearly a 90° angle. [ 1 ] Due to the right-ward displacement of the inferior vena cava from the midline, the left renal vein is some 3 times longer than the right one (~7.5 cm and ~2.5 cm, respectively).
Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. This includes protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and significant swelling. Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine. Complications may include blood clots, infections, and high blood pressure. [1]
It can cause the affected limb to swell, and cause pain and an overlying skin rash. In the worst case, a deep vein thrombosis can extend, or a part of a clot can break off as an embolus and lodge in a pulmonary artery in the lungs, known as a pulmonary embolism .The decision to treat deep vein thrombosis depends on its size, a person's symptoms ...
Renal infarction is a medical condition caused by an abrupt disruption of the renal blood flow in either one of the segmental branches or the major ipsilateral renal artery. [3] Patients who have experienced an acute renal infarction usually report sudden onset flank pain , which is often accompanied by fever , nausea , and vomiting .
The most typical features of microscopic polyangiitis are renal manifestations and general symptoms; lung involvement is also frequently observed. [ 15 ] Immune complex small vessel vasculitis (SVV) is a vasculitis that primarily affects small vessels and has moderate to significant immunoglobulin and complement component deposits on the vessel ...
Macroangiopathy may cause other complications, such as ischemic heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease which contributes to the diabetic foot ulcers and the risk of amputation. In microangiopathy, the walls of the smaller blood vessels become so thick and weak that they bleed , leak protein , and slow the flow of blood through ...