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The pandas package in Python implements this operation as "melt" function which converts a wide table to a narrow one. The process of converting a narrow table to wide table is generally referred to as "pivoting" in the context of data transformations.
The terms data dictionary and data repository indicate a more general software utility than a catalogue. A catalogue is closely coupled with the DBMS software. It provides the information stored in it to the user and the DBA, but it is mainly accessed by the various software modules of the DBMS itself, such as DDL and DML compilers, the query optimiser, the transaction processor, report ...
In statistics and research design, an index is a composite statistic – a measure of changes in a representative group of individual data points, or in other words, a compound measure that aggregates multiple indicators. [1] [2] Indices – also known as indexes and composite indicators – summarize and rank specific observations. [2]
Sparse dictionary learning (also known as sparse coding or SDL) is a representation learning method which aims to find a sparse representation of the input data in the form of a linear combination of basic elements as well as those basic elements themselves. These elements are called atoms, and they compose a dictionary.
R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization.It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics and data analysis. [9]The core R language is augmented by a large number of extension packages, containing reusable code, documentation, and sample data.
According to Steger, there are three main types of globalisms (ideologies that endow the concept of globalization with particular values and meanings): market globalism, justice globalism, and religious globalisms. Steger defines them as follows: [2] Market globalism seeks to endow ‘globalization’ with free-market norms and neoliberal meanings.
In computer science, having value semantics (also value-type semantics or copy-by-value semantics) means for an object that only its value counts, not its identity. [1] [2] Immutable objects have value semantics trivially, [3] and in the presence of mutation, an object with value semantics can only be uniquely-referenced at any point in a program.
Recontextualisation is a process that extracts text, signs or meaning from its original context (decontextualisation) and reuses it in another context. [1] Since the meaning of texts, signs and content is dependent on its context, recontextualisation implies a change of meaning and redefinition. [1]