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Hunga Tonga and Hunga Haʻapai are the only subaerial parts of the volcano. Hunga Tonga is the eastern island, while Hunga Haʻapai is the western one. They are part of Tonga's Haʻapai group of islands, [15] an island arc formed at the convergent boundary where the Pacific Plate subducts under the Indo-Australian Plate. [6] [16] [17]
The 2009 Tonga undersea volcanic eruption began on 16 March 2009, [5] near the island of Hunga Tonga, approximately 62 kilometres (39 mi) from the Tongan capital of Nukuʻalofa. [6] The volcano is in a highly active volcanic region that represents a portion of the Pacific Ring of Fire .
Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai is 65 kilometres (40 mi) north of Tongatapu, the country's main island, [8] and is part of the highly active Tonga–Kermadec Islands volcanic arc, a subduction zone extending from New Zealand to Fiji. [9] [10] On the Volcanic Explosivity Index scale, the eruption was rated at least a VEI-5.
In the days since Tonga was struck by a massive underwater volcanic eruption Saturday, a thick layer of volcanic ash remained blanketed over the island nation as new devastating images and details ...
The explosion of the Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha’apai volcano was the latest in a series of spectacular eruptions. ... The volcano is located about 64 kilometers (40 miles) north of the capital, Nuku ...
A team of Tongan geologists observed a massive plume of ash rising skyward during a continuous eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano on January 14.Images released by the Tonga ...
Location of Haʻapai District in Tonga. Haʻapai is a group of islands, islets, reefs, and shoals in the central part of Tonga. It has a combined land area of 109.30 square kilometres (42.20 sq mi). The Tongatapu island group lies to its south, and the Vavaʻu group lies to its north. Seventeen of the Haʻapai islands are inhabited.
Location Last eruption Coordinates; ʻAta: 382 m (1,253 ft) Curacoa: −33 m (−108 ft) ... Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai: 114 m (374 ft) 2022: Kao: 1,030 m (3,379 ft) ...