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Migmatite is a composite rock found in medium and high-grade metamorphic environments, commonly within Precambrian cratonic blocks. It consists of two or more constituents often layered repetitively: one layer is an older metamorphic rock that was reconstituted subsequently by partial melting ("neosome"), while the alternate layer has a ...
Gneiss (/ n aɪ s / nice) is a common and widely distributed type of metamorphic rock. It is formed by high-temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. This rock is formed under pressures anywhere from 2 to 15 kbar, sometimes even more, and temperatures over 300 °C (572 °F).
Hornfels – Group of metamorphic rocks Calcflinta – A type of hornfels found in the Scottish Highlands; Litchfieldite – Nepheline syenite gneiss; Marble – Type of metamorphic rock – a metamorphosed limestone; Migmatite – Mixture of metamorphic rock and igneous rock; Mylonite – Metamorphic rock – A metamorphic rock formed by shearing
Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock to new types of rock in a process called metamorphism. The original rock ( protolith ) is subjected to temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C (300 to 400 °F) and, often, elevated pressure of 100 megapascals (1,000 bar ) or more, causing profound physical or chemical changes.
[33] [34] Subsequent erosion of the mountains exposes the roots of the orogenic belt as extensive outcrops of metamorphic rock, [35] characteristic of mountain chains. [33] Metamorphic rock formed in these settings tends to shown well-developed foliation. [33] Foliation develops when a rock is being shortened along one axis during metamorphism.
The oldest Precambrian rocks in Wisconsin are late Archean quartzofeldspathic gneiss, migmatite and amphibolite up to three billion years old and igneous rock such as the granite of the Puritan Quartz Monzonite. Mafic and intermediate metavolcanic rocks together with metasedimentary rocks are found in the Ramsey Formation in Iron County and ...
Potential materials comprised by these less-dense strata include salt (which is highly incompressible, thus creating the structural instability that leads to diapirism when buried under deposited strata and subject to overlying stress) and partially melted migmatite (a metamorphic-texture rock frequently found in domes due to the typical ...
A migmatite consists of dark, refractory rock (the melanosome) that is permeated by sheets and channels of light granitic rock (the leucosome). The leucosome is interpreted as partial melt of a parent rock that has begun to separate from the remaining solid residue (the melanosome). [40]
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