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The first Red Scare was a period during the early 20th-century history of the United States marked by a widespread fear of far-left movements, including Bolshevism and anarchism, due to real and imagined events; real events included the Russian 1917 October Revolution, German Revolution of 1918–1919, and anarchist bombings in the U.S.
"How bomb blasts a century ago launched the Red Scare and a raid against Paterson anarchists". northjersey.com Retrieved June 13, 2019 . Avrich, Paul (Prof.), Sacco and Vanzetti: The Anarchist Background , Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press (1991), ISBN 0-691-02604-1 .
Unions such as the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) were devastated by the Palmer Raids, carried out as part of the First Red Scare.The Everett Massacre (also known as Bloody Sunday) was an armed confrontation between local authorities and IWW members which took place in Everett, Washington on Sunday, November 5, 1916.
A Red Scare is a form of moral panic provoked by fear of the rise, supposed or real, of left-wing ideologies in a society, especially communism and socialism. Historically, red scares have led to mass political persecution , scapegoating , and the ousting of those in government positions who have had connections with left-wing movements.
Alexander Mitchell Palmer (May 4, 1872 – May 11, 1936) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 50th United States attorney general from 1919 to 1921. He is best known for overseeing the Palmer Raids during the Red Scare of 1919–20.
The Second Red Scare is a period lasting roughly from 1950 to 1956 and characterized by heightened fears of Communist influence on American institutions and espionage by Soviet agents. During the McCarthy era, thousands of Americans were accused of being communists or Communist sympathizers and became the subject of aggressive investigations ...
Over Here: The First World War and American Society (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980) Murray, Robert K., Red Scare: A Study in National Hysteria, 1919–1920 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1955) Pietrusza, David, 1920: The Year of Six presidents (New York: Carroll & Graf, 2007) Post, Louis F.,
During the First Red Scare, a post-war period in the United States marked by the widespread fear of socialism and anarchism, La Follette condemned the Palmer Raids, sought the repeal of the Espionage Act, and proposed amnesty for political prisoners like Eugene V. Debs. [100]