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According to the 2011 census, 20.3% of people with disabilities in India have movement disabilities, 18.9% have hearing impairments, and 18.8% have visual impairments. The 2011 census additionally collected data on mental disability for the first time, and found that 5.6% of Indians with disabilities fall into that category. [3]
As of 2019, there are "0.3 psychiatrists per 100000 people in India compared to 2.2 in China and 10.5 in the United States" and "0.8 mental health nurses per 100000 people in India compared to 5.4 in China and 4.3 in US". [3] In 2007, the Indian Psychiatric Society had 3000 registered psychiatrists on its rolls. [40]
There are 1.77 million homeless people in India, or 0.15% of the country's total population, according to the 2011 census consisting of single men, women, mothers, the elderly, and the disabled. [2] [3] However, it is argued that the numbers are far greater than accounted by the point in time method.
In Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries, the employment rate of people with disabilities (44%) is slightly over half that for people without disabilities (75%). People with disabilities often do not receive needed health care. Half of disabled people cannot afford health care, compared to a third of non-disabled people.
Physical and mental disability are also factors that the BPL does not take into account. As government records show, there are a total of 11.31 lakh disabled people in the state of Madhya Pradesh, 8.9 lakh of which live below the poverty line; yet only 3.8 lakh receive government help in the form of social security pension.
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Disability abuse happens when a person is abused physically, financially, verbally or mentally due to the person having a disability. As many disabilities are not visible (for example, asthma, learning disabilities) some abusers cannot rationalize the non-physical disability with a need for understanding, support, and so on. [94] [95]
A census conducted in 2011 revealed that out of 13.4 million individuals between the ages of 15–59 with a hearing disability in India 73.9% were marginal workers. [6] This implies that only 26.1% of the active group were actually employed. [ 6 ]