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Western New Guinea, also known as Papua, Indonesian New Guinea, and Indonesian Papua, [3] is the western half of the island of New Guinea, formerly Dutch and granted to Indonesia in 1962. Given the island is alternatively named Papua, the region is also called West Papua ( Indonesian : Papua Barat ).
A 1644 map of New Guinea and the surrounding area. The island has been known by various names: The name Papua was used to refer to parts of the island before contact with the West. [3] Its etymology is unclear; [3] one theory states that it derived from Tidore, the language used by the Sultanate of Tidore. [1]
For political reasons, the United Nations considers the boundary between the two regions to be the Indonesian–Papua New Guinean border. [2] Papua New Guinea is occasionally considered Asian as it neighbours Indonesia, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] but this is rare, and it is generally accepted to be part of Oceania.
The boundary is separated into three segments, with the first two broken by the Timor Gap. The first is between the Australia – Indonesia – Papua New Guinea tripoint at 10° 50' S, 139° 12' E, and the point whether the territorial waters of the two countries touch the eastern limits of the territorial waters claimed by East Timor at 9° 28' S, 127° 56' E.
At 462,840 km 2 (178,704 sq mi), Papua New Guinea is the world's 54th-largest country and the third-largest island country. [14] Papua New Guinea is part of the Australasian realm, which also includes Australia, New Zealand, eastern Indonesia, and several Pacific island groups, including the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.
Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state, stretching from Sumatra in Asia to the western part of New Guinea in Oceania. ... Papua, South Papua, ...
This is a list of articles holding galleries of maps of present-day countries and dependencies. The list includes all countries listed in the List of countries , the French overseas departments, the Spanish and Portuguese overseas regions and inhabited overseas dependencies.
[105] [106] Papua was part of the Australian landmass and is home to a unique fauna and flora closely related to that of Australia, including over 600 bird species. [107] Indonesia is second only to Australia in terms of total endemic species, with 36% of its 1,531 species of bird and 39% of its 515 species of mammal being endemic. [108]