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  2. List of fallacies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies

    Argument from fallacy (also known as the fallacy fallacy) – the assumption that, if a particular argument for a "conclusion" is fallacious, then the conclusion by itself is false. [ 5 ] Base rate fallacy – making a probability judgment based on conditional probabilities , without taking into account the effect of prior probabilities .

  3. Fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallacy

    An example of a language dependent fallacy is given as a debate as to who in humanity are learners: the wise or the ignorant. [18]: 3 A language-independent fallacy is, for example: "Coriscus is different from Socrates." "Socrates is a man." "Therefore, Coriscus is different from a man." [18]: 4

  4. Glossary of logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_logic

    A logical fallacy in which a conditional statement is incorrectly used to infer its converse. For example, from "If P then Q" and "Q", concluding "P". alethic modal logic A type of modal logic that deals with modalities of truth, such as necessity and possibility. ambiguity

  5. An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Illustrated_Book_of_Bad...

    The book describes 19 logical fallacies using a set of illustrations, in which various cartoon characters participate. The online version of the book was published under a Creative Commons license on July 15, 2013. [1] The print edition was released on December 5, 2013 and is also shared under a Creative Commons license.

  6. Informal fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informal_fallacy

    For example, "Nobody has ever proved to me there's a God, so I know there is no God". [4] Another version of the appeal to ignorance concludes from the absence of proof against a claim that this claim must be true. Arguments from analogy are also susceptible to fallacies of relevance. An analogy is a comparison between two objects based on ...

  7. Argument from ignorance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_ignorance

    Argument from ignorance (from Latin: argumentum ad ignorantiam), also known as appeal to ignorance (in which ignorance represents "a lack of contrary evidence"), is a fallacy in informal logic. The fallacy is committed when one asserts that a proposition is true because it has not yet been proven false or a proposition is false because it has ...

  8. Begging the question - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begging_the_question

    Closely connected with begging the question is the fallacy of circular reasoning (circulus in probando), a fallacy in which the reasoner begins with the conclusion. [22] The individual components of a circular argument can be logically valid because if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true, and does not lack relevance. However ...

  9. Argument from fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_fallacy

    Argument from fallacy is the formal fallacy of analyzing an argument and inferring that, since it contains a fallacy, its conclusion must be false. [1] It is also called argument to logic ( argumentum ad logicam ), the fallacy fallacy , [ 2 ] the fallacist's fallacy , [ 3 ] and the bad reasons fallacy .