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an fsck program that checks for and corrects inconsistencies e2image save critical ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem metadata to a file e2label change the label on an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem e2scrub check a filesystem "online" (i.e. without having to unmount it) in the case where the filesystem is on an LVM LV e2undo
The uses of extended attributes in Be-like systems are varied: For example, Tracker and OpenTracker, the file-managers of BeOS and Haiku respectively, both store the locations of file icons in attributes, [8] Haiku's "Mail" service stores all message content and metadata in extended file attributes, [9] and the MIME types of files are stored in ...
ext4 (fourth extended filesystem) is a journaling file system for Linux, developed as the successor to ext3.. ext4 was initially a series of backward-compatible extensions to ext3, many of them originally developed by Cluster File Systems for the Lustre file system between 2003 and 2006, meant to extend storage limits and add other performance improvements. [4]
The ext4 filesystem, when used with inode sizes larger than 128 bytes, has an extra 32-bit field per timestamp, of which 30 bits are used for the nanoseconds part of the timestamp, and the other 2 bits are used to extend the timestamp range to the year 2446.
In Unix and Unix-like systems, including POSIX-conforming systems, each file has a 'mode' containing 9 bit flags controlling read, write and execute permission for each of the file's owner, group and all other users (see File-system permissions §Traditional Unix permissions for more details) plus the setuid and setgid bit flags and a 'sticky' bit flag.
It has metadata structure inspired by traditional Unix filesystem principles, and was designed by Rémy Card to overcome certain limitations of the MINIX file system. [ 4 ] [ 2 ] It was the first implementation that used the virtual file system (VFS), for which support was added in the Linux kernel in version 0.96c, and it could handle file ...
Extent-based file systems can also eliminate most of the metadata overhead of large files that would traditionally be taken up by the block-allocation tree. But because the savings are small compared to the amount of stored data (for all file sizes in general) but make up a large portion of the metadata (for large files), the overall benefits ...
The file's inode, to note in the file's metadata that its size has increased. The free space map, to mark out an allocation of space for the to-be-appended data. The newly allocated space, to actually write the appended data. In a metadata-only journal, step 3 would not be logged.