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  2. Affricate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affricate

    Klallam affricate /t͡s/ in k'ʷə́nc 'look at me' versus stop–fricative /ts/ in k'ʷə́nts 'he looks at it'. The exact phonetic difference varies between languages. In stop–fricative sequences, the stop has a release burst before the fricative starts; but in affricates, the fricative element is the release.

  3. Manner of articulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manner_of_articulation

    The "ll" of Welsh and the "hl" of Zulu are lateral fricatives. Affricate, which begins like a stop, but this releases into a fricative rather than having a separate release of its own. The English letters "ch" [t͡ʃ] and "j" [d͡ʒ] represent affricates. Affricates are quite common around the world, though less common than fricatives.

  4. Ejective consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejective_consonant

    A few languages have ejective fricatives. In some dialects of Hausa, the standard affricate [tsʼ] is a fricative [sʼ]; Ubykh (Northwest Caucasian, now extinct) had an ejective lateral fricative [ɬʼ]; and the related Kabardian also has ejective labiodental and alveolopalatal fricatives, [fʼ], [ʃʼ], and [ɬʼ].

  5. Fricative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fricative

    A fricative is a consonant produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together. [1] These may be the lower lip against the upper teeth, in the case of [f]; the back of the tongue against the soft palate in the case of German [x] (the final consonant of Bach); or the side of the tongue against the molars, in the case of Welsh [ɬ] (appearing twice in ...

  6. Relative articulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_articulation

    The difference between a fronted and non-fronted consonant can be heard in the English words key [k̟ʰi] and coo [kʰu], where the /k/ in key is fronted under the influence of the front vowel /i/. In English, the plosive in the affricate /tʃ/ , as in the word church , is farther back than an alveolar /t/ due to assimilation with the ...

  7. Voiced alveolar affricate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_affricate

    There are several types with significant perceptual differences: The voiced alveolar sibilant affricate [d͡z] is the most common type, similar to the ds in English lads . The voiced alveolar non-sibilant affricate [dð̠] , or [dð͇] using the alveolar diacritic from the Extended IPA , is found, for example, in some dialects of English and ...

  8. Obstruent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstruent

    fricatives, such as [f, ɸ, θ, s, ʃ, x, v, β, z, ʒ, ɣ], with limited closure, not stopping airflow but making it turbulent; affricates , which begin with complete occlusion but then release into a fricative-like release, such as [t͡ʃ] and [d͡ʒ] .

  9. Palatal consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal_consonant

    The most common type of palatal consonant is the extremely common approximant [j], which ranks among the ten most common sounds in the world's languages. [1] The nasal [ɲ] is also common, occurring in around 35 percent of the world's languages, [2] in most of which its equivalent obstruent is not the stop [c], but the affricate [].