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The Political Constitution of 1899 (Spanish: Constitución Política de 1899), informally known as the Malolos Constitution, was the constitution of the First Philippine Republic. It was written by Felipe Calderón y Roca and Felipe Buencamino as an alternative to a pair of proposals to the Malolos Congress by Apolinario Mabini and Pedro Paterno .
The constitution written by the Malolos Congress was proclaimed on January 22, 1899, creating what is known today as the First Philippine Republic, with Aguinaldo as its president. [27] [22] The constitution was approved by delegates to the Malolos Congress on January 20, 1899, and sanctioned by Aguinaldo the next day. [27]
It approved the declaration of independence, and in 1899 approved the Malolos Constitution to inaugurate the First Philippine Republic. [ 26 ] : 123 The First Philippine Republic reflected the liberal ideas of the time, valuing private property rights and limiting voting to high-class men, reflecting the growing influence of the elite in the ...
The Malolos Congress (Spanish: Congreso de Malolos) also known as the Revolutionary Congress (Spanish: Congreso Revolucionario) [3] and formally the National Assembly, was the legislative body of the Revolutionary Government of the Philippines. Members were chosen in the elections held from June 23 to September 10, 1898. The assembly consisted ...
[5] [6] This government endured until January 23, 1899, when the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution established an insurgent Philippine Republic government that replaced it. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Four governmental departments were initially created, each having several bureaus: foreign relations, marine, and commerce; war and public works; police ...
[11] [12] A constitution which proposed two governors, a U.S. military governor and a civil governor elected by the voters of Negros, was framed by a committee sitting in Bacolod and sent to General Otis in Manila and was proclaimed to take effect on July 22, 1899. Elections were held on October 2, reconstituting the republic.
Dr. Joaquin Gonzalez (1982 NHI historical marker, Baliuag, Bulacan). Joaquín González (July 22, 1853 – September 21, 1900) was a Filipino politician and a member of the Malolos Congress that wrote the Malolos Constitution, the first Philippine constitution, after the country declared independence from Spain in 1898.
January 4 – U.S. President William McKinley's declaration of December 21, 1898, proclaiming a policy of benevolent assimilation of the Philippines as a United States territory, is announced in Manila by the U.S. commander, General Elwell Otis, angering independence activists who had fought against Spanish rule.